Sunday, January 29, 2023


In American history, the nineteen hundreds, when life was moving so fast no one had anything in common with their parents or their children; this is what East Coast defunked-urban life was.

Thursday, January 26, 2023

 "It's already making beeping sounds at me." -Oliver White


Skip ahead to 3:40. 

Dear god Oliver White is a caricature of Oxford. Aside that, just seeing this video pop up and my first thought was "Charon shine." The reflection off of Charon to illuminate the dark side of Pluto is Charon shine, and it was hoped it would be enough to illuminate the dark side to get some imagery. That was just post flyby, and I've not heard about it since.

As expected of a geological map proposal, this video is packed. It may be the best reference to anything Pluto related for a long while to come. There's at least 2 slides in here that are worthy of being wall-hangings. 

  • At 9:45 The Haze-lit, space seems to be the only result of waiting for Charon-Shine images. They would have been dim anyway as one can imagine.  
  • Slide at 12:00 has two good looking maps shown without the nitrogen glacier/heart, but it's the map at 10:40 that we've been waiting for.
  • At 13:30, a graph showing the first-I've-ever-seen-it six geological periods of Pluto's history and their names. They are dated by crater supposition, so it's just a scale of 'Older or Younger' then a specific crater, not, by chunks of measured time. The heart-lobe crater named sputnik is the oldest and therefore the first divider of eras. 
  • At 32:30. This RTS, a ring of rifting around Pluto longitudinally, and seemingly of the bedrock stuff of Pluto, the hard water ice. Similar to Tethes. These global features come up a lot but with variable circumstances. For example Charon has a canyon all the way around it's equator. Longitudinal is a new variation.   
  • At 35:00, Sputnik mountains seem to be described as tumbling, brecciated, blocks. That's a new one.
  • At 41:45, He presents his argument that the paleo-RTS is an equatorial feature from before Pluto got knocked over by the Sputnik impact.
  • Thoughts at 49:45

Saturday, January 14, 2023


 It's a romanticized introspection, as a nihilistic dirtbag smears himself across the smears Europe.

That's a full spoiler of the plot, but not of the book.

Thursday, January 12, 2023

 The Europan trans-crust cable.

The Europa Clipper is the most exciting probe, so far, in the search for extraterrestrials. Some people don't seem to know why. Why not send a lander? A flyby probe in orbit of Jupiter is not very flashy, surely Europa Clipper is overrated.

Europa's crust is estimated to be 10.7 km thick. A nice submarine probe that can drop in and swim will have to burrow through that and hopefully have some range left when it gets through. 10.7 kilometers is a good estimate; but no engineer in the world would set to work without a much better estimate. They don't want to make a cable plus or minus half a kilometer. Any fraction of a meter is a big deal to those who have to make and launch it. Communication between the depths of Europa and Earth is going to require a hardline. This IMRAD is about what the tether will have to be capable of. Europa Clipper must locate an ideal place for the tether and the future probe that uses it.


In the introduction many hardships are discussed. Among those not already mentioned, faulting, tidal flexing, communication angles, cold, and thermal gradient, increasing pressure, salinity, and refreezing after melt. 

There is a lot of interesting engineering nuance in the methodology section. Fiberoptic tethers have known properties such as how they stretch and how signals degrade over distance. Detailed illustrations for each test come with. This is effectively the meat of the IMRAD and there is a lot of it. For example, if the tether is suddenly pulled on by an Europaquake, accounting for pressure and cold, will it snap? The results section is obviously the results of each of these engineering tests. I didn't read anything crazy in the results, but the images are really cool.

In the discussion the first thing to note is that the tether for sure is expected to make the ice more unstable at that point. It's safe to say now that if a failure in the ice happens near the tether, it will be at the tether. How effective the long tether communicates was a little vague, but it's safe to say a reinforced tether will outperform a minimalist tether. The tether itself can be used at a sensor, glitches in communication can infer stuff about stress and temperature, and even fault vectors along it's length.

If you stretched the tether at all, it was permanently damaged. How brittle the ice is at a given temperature will depend on salinity. I didn't see any finicky points about tether length, probably in large part because Europa Clipper hasn't told us what that length should be yet. 


  "Best case scenario to be modeled." -Peter Jenniskens This is mostly a storybook slideshow. So it's pretty entertaining, but...